• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a processing machine (1), comprising a housing (2), a spindle (4) which is rotatably mounted in the housing (2) and can be driven by a motor (3) with a hollow bore and with a spindle in or on the spindle (4). arranged tool holder (5). In addition, the processing machine (1) comprises a rod (10) movable in the hollow bore of the spindle (4) and connected to a length measuring system (9). Furthermore, the invention relates to an operating method for such a processing machine (1).
    公开号:AT518874A4
    申请号:T50804/2016
    申请日:2016-09-09
    公开日:2018-02-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Fill Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a processing machine, which comprises a housing, a rotatably mounted in the housing and driven by a motor spindle with a hollow bore and arranged in or on the spindle tool holder. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for operating such a processing machine.
    A processing machine of the type mentioned is known in principle from the prior art and is used in particular for the machining of workpieces. The spindle can thereby be moved in a computer-controlled manner in a manner known per se. Through the hollow bore in the spindle coolant can also be pressed by a hollow drilled tools to a processing point. Usually, the position of a tool is specified directly by a position of the spindle, that is, a movement of the spindle is 1: 1 transmitted to the tool. Due to the usually rigid in processing machines construction workpieces can be made with tight tolerances in this way.
    In some cases, however, this rigid assignment is disadvantageous, for example, when screwing or unscrewing screws or threaded inserts. These production steps can not be carried out with a conventional processing machine or only to a limited extent, since it can not be predicted when the threads of a threaded bore and the threads of a screw / a threaded insert interlock and the screwing process actually begins. Tracking the spindle is therefore difficult. A wrong tracking of the spindle can also easily lead to damage to the workpiece and / or the machine, especially if the machine is designed because of the possibility of machining to exercise high forces.
    An object of the present invention is therefore to provide an improved processing machine and an improved method for its operation. In particular, the machine should allow the machining of a workpiece, but also the safe screwing of screws and threaded inserts.
    The object of the invention is achieved with a processing machine of the type mentioned, which has a movable in the hollow bore of the spindle and connected to a length measuring rod. In other words, the rod is displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the hollow bore. A rotation of the rod may also be possible.
    Furthermore, the object of the invention with an operating method for such a processing machine is achieved, in which a rod connected to a length measuring rod is moved in the hollow bore. In other words, the rod is displaced in the longitudinal direction of the hollow bore. A rotation of the rod is not excluded.
    In this way, a "soft" measuring system for the machine tool is provided, which allows in particular distance measurements to surfaces at an unknown distance to the spindle. In particular, the rod with a low, defined measuring force can be placed on a surface to be measured. This is not possible with the drive of a conventional, powerful machine tool. Unforeseeable collisions with the workpiece would inevitably lead to damage. The range of applications of a processing machine is therefore significantly expanded by the novel measuring system. Because of the coupling with a length measuring system, the rod can also be referred to as a "measuring rod".
    In addition, it is noted that the term "hole" in the context of the invention does not necessarily imply that the relevant recess is made with a drill. Instead, the hole can also be realized with other production methods, and it can also be a tubular starting material for the production of the relevant component, in particular for the spindle, are used.
    Advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and from the description in conjunction with the figures.
    It is advantageous if the rod is movable by a linear drive or is part of a linear drive. In this way, the rod can be motorized, or caused by a machine control, to be moved.
    It when the rod is designed as a piston rod of a pneumatic cylinder and is movable by means of compressed air is particularly advantageous. By pressurizing the pneumatic cylinder, a defined measuring force can be applied in a comparatively simple manner. The measurement results are therefore very easy to reproduce. In addition, the rod can be moved in and out relatively quickly, which favors low processing times with the processing machine. Although the use of a pneumatic cylinder is advantageous, other linear drives are conceivable. For example, the rod may be formed as a piston rod of a hydraulic drive, as (spring-loaded) tip of an electric spindle drive or as an armature of an electromagnet. It is also favorable if the processing machine has a coolant flange coupled to the spindle, with the aid of which coolant can be introduced into the hollow bore of the spindle. Some tools have hollow holes. In the hollow bore of the spindle introduced coolant can penetrate directly to the processing site in this way.
    It is also particularly advantageous if the spindle has a coolant bore connected to the hollow bore and arranged in the region of the coolant flange, and the rod can be moved behind this coolant bore. Accordingly, it is also of particular advantage when a cutting tool is clamped in the tool holder and the rod is moved behind the coolant bore connected to the hollow bore of the spindle and arranged in the spindle and coolant is introduced into the hollow bore of the spindle. In this way, the hollow bore of the spindle provides a double benefit. On the one hand, it acts as a conduit for a coolant, on the other hand, it serves as a guide for the measuring rod. The measuring rod seals the hollow bore of the spindle in the presented mode of operation to the rear. For this purpose, a sealing ring may be provided between the hollow bore and the measuring rod.
    Moreover, it is advantageous if the rod is movable beyond the tool holder of the processing machine or is moved beyond the tool holder when the tool holder is empty. In this way it can be touched on the surface of a workpiece and thus the distance between the spindle and the workpiece can be determined. A separate probe, which is usually clamped for this purpose in the tool holder, can therefore be omitted. Because of the omitted Umspannvorganges and the machining of a workpiece can be done much faster.
    The processing machine advantageously comprises a screwing tool arranged in the tool holder, comprising a base part, which is clamped in the tool holder, and a receptacle for a screw and / or a threaded insert which is longitudinally displaceable in the base part but rotatably coupled thereto. In this way, the machine tool can be used not only for machining, but also for the assembly of components and in particular for screwing threaded inserts, which are used in aluminum workpieces to make the thread stronger and more durable. These thread inserts are also known under the trade name "Helicoil".
    It is also advantageous if the rod is movable up to said receptacle for the screw and / or the threaded insert, or is moved to the receptacle for the screw and / or the threaded insert when the screwing tool is stretched in the tool holder. This can be measured in a secure manner, whether and how far a screw or a threaded insert has been screwed into a threaded bore of the workpiece. During a screwing-in process, it can not be predicted with certainty when the threads of the screw / thread insert engage in the threads of the threaded hole and the screwing process begins. Controlled tracking of the rigidly driven spindle is therefore difficult or associated with the risk of damage to the workpiece and / or machine. The latter can happen when the spindle is moved in the direction of the threaded hole, although the screwing has not yet begun. However, with the presented system, the screwing process can be safely monitored. The screwing in as such can be done with or without tracking the spindle because of the possibility of compensation in the screw.
    Finally, it is advantageous in the above context if force / pressure is exerted on the receptacle for the screw and / or the threaded insert with the rod, in particular that force / pressure which is required for screwing the screws and / or threaded inserts into a workpiece is required. This avoids that the screw / the threaded insert is only loosely turned over the threaded hole and it never comes to a screwing. Advantageously, a force of greater than or equal to 5N is applied for this purpose by the rod. When using a pneumatic cylinder or hydraulic cylinder, a desired force can be applied simply by adjusting a corresponding pressure. The rod can also be referred to in this context as a "push rod" or "combined measuring / push rod".
    For a better understanding of the invention, this will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figure.
    In a simplified, schematic diagram:
    1 shows a section through a processing machine according to the invention.
    1 shows a section through a simplified illustrated processing machine 1, which comprises a housing 2, a rotatably mounted in the housing 2 and driven by a motor 3 spindle 4 with a hollow bore and arranged in or on the spindle 4 tool holder 5, which in this example is formed by an inner cone. With the help of the union nut 6, a tool can be mounted in the tool holder 5, for example, a drill o-a milling cutter.
    The illustrated system for clamping tools is greatly simplified and is for illustration only. The processing machine 1 is therefore not limited to this exemplary system, but also refers to other, basically known systems for clamping tools, in particular clamping systems in conjunction with tool magazines that allow automatic tool change.
    The storage of the spindle 4 is exemplified here by two bearings 7 and 8 realized.
    The processing machine 1 further comprises a movable in the hollow bore of the spindle 4 and connected to a length measuring 9 rod 10. In this example, the rod 10 is formed as a piston rod of a pneumatic cylinder 11 and movable by means of compressed air. For this purpose, the pneumatic cylinder 11 comprises the two compressed-air connections A and B. The piston 12 is located at the end of the piston rod 10. The rod 10 does not rotate in this example when the spindle 4 is rotated. But it could also be provided that the rod 10 rotates synchronously with the spindle 4 with.
    In addition, the processing machine 1 comprises a coupled to the spindle 4 coolant flange 13, by means of which coolant can be introduced into the hollow bore of the spindle 4. For this purpose, the coolant port C is provided.
    In the example shown, no cutting tool is received in the tool holder, but a screwing 14, which has a base member 15 which sits in the tool holder 5, and a longitudinally displaceable in the base member 15, but with this rotationally coupled receptacle 16 for a threaded insert 17. Alternatively could be the Einschraubwerkzeug 14 also designed for screwing in or out of screws.
    The coupling between the base part 15 and the receptacle 16 may be realized for example by a tongue and groove combination or a splined connection. The coupling can also be done via a square or a hexagon. The compounds mentioned ensure torque transmission, while at the same time allowing a longitudinal displacement of the receptacle 16th
    The receptacle 16 may also be spring-loaded, so that it occupies a defined position to the base part 15 in the initial state. In particular, it is advantageous if the receptacle 16 is in the initial position in the retracted state, so that a longitudinal compensation between spindle 4 and receptacle 16 can take place when the screwing begins.
    The function of the processing machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 is as follows:
    It is assumed that there is an unillustrated workpiece in the area of action of the processing machine 1. For touching the workpiece, the piston rod 10 can be moved beyond the tool holder 5 also when the tool holder 5 is empty. The distance traveled by the piston rod 10 is measured by the length measuring system 9. In this way, the distance of the spindle 4 to the workpiece can be determined. A separate, tensioned in the tool holder 5 probe is not required for this purpose.
    For example, the length measurement can be carried out as with a vernier caliper, wherein for example optical, inductive or capacitive sensing can be used. In principle, however, other measuring methods are possible.
    For machining the workpiece, for example, drills, milling cutters and the like in the tool holder 5 can be clamped in a manner known per se. In this case, the piston rod 10 can be moved behind a connected to the hollow bore of the spindle 4 coolant hole. As a result, coolant can be introduced via the coolant connection C, which flows through an annular groove in the coolant flange 13 and can flow via the coolant bore into the hollow bore, even if the spindle 4 rotates. The coolant can advance in a manner known per se through the hollow bore of a tool clamped in the tool holder 5 to the processing point. In the rear area, the hollow bore in the spindle 4 is sealed by the piston rod 10.
    Even if no coolant is used, it may be advantageous if the piston rod 10 is moved to its rear position during machining of the workpiece. The piston rod 10 could otherwise hit or wobble due to their length and the comparatively high speeds in the spindle 4.
    It is now further assumed that a threaded hole or a plurality of threaded holes are made in the workpiece in a conventional manner. The resulting chips can, for example, by means of compressed air, which is introduced into the hollow bore of the spindle 4 blown out. For example, the compressed air can be supplied via the terminal C or via another connection, not shown.
    In a further step, the Einschraubwerkzeug 14 shown in Fig. 1 is clamped in the tool holder 5. Thereafter, the piston rod 10 is placed on the receptacle 16. A threaded insert 17 mounted on the receptacle 16 is moved into the area of the threaded bore in the workpiece, and the spindle 4 is rotated. With the aid of compressed air, which is supplied via the compressed air connection A, the threaded insert 17 is placed on the workpiece and pressed. Once the threads of the threaded hole and the threaded insert 17 engage each other, the receptacle 16 and thus the piston rod 10 moves in the direction of the threaded bore, even if the spindle 4 is not longitudinally displaced. The longitudinal displacement of the piston rod 10 is measured with the length measuring system 9. In this way it can be determined whether and how deep the threaded insert 17 is screwed into the threaded hole. The spindle 4 can only be rotated during the entire insertion and not be moved longitudinally, or it is tracked according to the measured displacement of the piston rod 10, so that between the base member 15 and the receptacle 16 only a small length compensation is required.
    It should be noted at this point that the piston rod 10 can also be divided, contrary to the embodiment in FIG. In addition, a part of the receptacle 16 may protrude into the hollow bore of the spindle 4, so that shorter piston rods 10 may be used.
    Finally, it is stated that the scope of protection is determined by the claims. However, the description and drawings are to be considered to interpret the claims. Individual features or combinations of features from the illustrated and described different embodiments may represent for themselves inventive solutions. The task underlying the independent inventive solutions can be taken from the description.
    It should also be noted that the method steps are not necessarily carried out in the presented combination, but can also be used individually. For example, For example, the processing machine 1 can be used such that the piston rod 10 is used only when the tool holder 5 is empty or only in connection with a screwing-in tool 14. The method steps can generally also be carried out in a different sequence. For example, the spindle 4 can be rotated before the piston rod 10 is placed on the receptacle 16 or thereafter, and so on.
    Instead of the pneumatic cylinder 11, other linear motors can be used, for example, the rod 10 may be the piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder, the armature of an electromagnet or the spindle of a
    Spindle drive. Due to the rigidity of the drive, the tip of the rod 10 can be sprung in particular when using a hydraulic cylinder or a spindle drive. When using a pneumatic cylinder 11, a separate spring can be omitted, since the air as such can take over this function.
    In particular, it is also noted that the illustrated device may in reality also comprise more or fewer components than shown. The illustrated device or its components may also be displayed in an off-scale and / or enlarged and / or reduced size.
    LIST OF REFERENCES 1 Processing machine 2 Housing 3 Motor 4 Spindle 5 Tool holder 6 Union nut 7 Bearing 8 Bearing 9 Length measuring system 10 Measuring rod / piston rod 11 Pneumatic cylinder 12 Piston 13 Coolant flange 14 Screw-in tool 15 Base part 16 Mounting for screws / threaded inserts 17 Threaded insert A Compressed air connection B Compressed air connection C Coolant connection
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [1]
    claims
    1. Processing machine (1), comprising a housing (2), a rotatably mounted in the housing (2) and by a motor (3) drivable, spindle (4) with a hollow bore and in or on the spindle (4) arranged tool holder (5), characterized by a in the hollow bore of the spindle (4) movable and with a length measuring system (9) connected rod (10).
    [2]
    2. Processing machine (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the rod (10) is movable by a linear drive or is part of a linear drive.
    [3]
    3. Processing machine (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the rod (10) is designed as a piston rod of a pneumatic cylinder (11) and is movable by means of compressed air.
    [4]
    4. Processing machine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by a to the spindle (4) coupled coolant flange (13), by means of which coolant in the hollow bore of the spindle can be introduced.
    [5]
    5. Processing machine (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the spindle (4) connected to the hollow bore and in the region of the Kühlmittelflansches (13) arranged coolant bore and the rod (10) is movable behind this coolant hole.
    [6]
    6. Processing machine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the rod (10) via the tool holder (5) of the processing machine (1) is also movable.
    [7]
    7. Processing machine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by a in the tool holder (5) arranged screwing (14), comprising a base part (15) which is stretched in the tool holder (5), and one in the base part (15) longitudinally displaceable, but with this rotationally coupled receptacle (16) for a screw and / or a threaded insert (17).
    [8]
    8. Processing machine (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the rod (10) to the said receptacle (16) for the screw and / or the threaded insert (17) is movable.
    [9]
    9. A method for operating a processing machine (1), which comprises a housing (2), a rotatably mounted in the housing (2) and by a motor (3) drivable, spindle (4) with a hollow bore and in or on the spindle (4) arranged tool holder (5), characterized in that a with a length measuring system (9) connected rod (10) is moved in the hollow bore.
    [10]
    10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the rod (10) is moved beyond the tool holder (5) also when the tool holder (5) is empty.
    [11]
    11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that a cutting tool in the tool holder (5) is tensioned and the rod (10) behind a with the hollow bore of the spindle (4) connected and in the spindle (4) arranged coolant hole is moved and coolant is introduced into the hollow bore of the spindle (4).
    [12]
    12. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that a base part (15) of a screwing tool (14), the one in the base part (15) längsver slidably mounted, but with this rotationally coupled receptacle (16) for a screw and / or a threaded insert ( 17) is tensioned in the tool holder (5) and the rod (10) is moved to said receptacle (16).
    [13]
    13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that with the rod (10) a force / a pressure on the receptacle (16) for the screw and / or the threaded insert (17) is exercised.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3292952B1|2021-05-12|
    EP3292952A1|2018-03-14|
    AT518874B1|2018-02-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    EP0177213A1|1984-09-17|1986-04-09|Robert A. Lehmkuhl|Telescopic tool adapter|
    DE3816737A1|1987-05-18|1988-12-01|Robert A Lehmkuhl|INTELLIGENT TOOLING SYSTEM|
    EP2151294A1|2008-07-31|2010-02-10|Lockheed Martin Corporation|Linear compensator tool for drill countersinking and seal groove machining|
    DE102013208027A1|2013-05-02|2014-11-06|Artis Gmbh|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ADJUSTING TO A MOTOR SPINDLE OF A TOOL MACHINE OF ADJUSTABLE ADJUSTABLE TOOLS|CN111906591A|2020-06-17|2020-11-10|成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司|Rapid cutter measuring device and method|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50804/2016A|AT518874B1|2016-09-09|2016-09-09|processing machine|ATA50804/2016A| AT518874B1|2016-09-09|2016-09-09|processing machine|
    EP17189769.7A| EP3292952B1|2016-09-09|2017-09-07|Processing machine with improved length measuring system|
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